Tuesday, December 16, 2014

Study Guide Key

Phospholipids, cell membrane
The hydrophilic heads are polar and the hydrophobic tails nonpolar.  Since the heads are polar, they are attracted to the water.  The tails are repelled by it.

3.  prokaryotic DOES NOT HAVE a nucleus and a eukaryotic does
4.  plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts and animal cells do not.  Both cells are eukaryotic.
5.  If the difference between the electronegativities of the two atoms is more than 2, it is ionic.  If it is between .5 and 2 it is polar covalents, and if it is less than .4, it is nonpolar covalent.
6.  nonpolar covalent
7.  ionic
8.  metabolism, growth, adaptation, homeostasis, organization (cells), movement, sensitivity
9. 

10.  subatomic particles (protons, neutrons, electrons), atoms, molecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organ, organ system
12.  isotonic – stays the same, hypotonic swells, hypertonic shrinks
13.  independent variable – variable you are testing
Dependent variable changes as a result of the independent variable,
Control – the level of the IV you compare everything else to
Constants – those conditions kept the same in an experiment to ensure that results are due to the independent variable alone.
14. primary – a chain of amino acids
Secondary – pleated sheets or spirals
Tertiary – 3 D
15.  amino acids
16.  isotonic
17.  less than 5
18 more than 5
19. 
20.  adhesion – water sticks to something else through hydrogen bonding
Cohesion – water hydrogen bonds to itself
Hydrogen bonding – a weak attraction between two different molecules due to their polarity.
Polar – having  partially positive and partially negative ends of a molecule.  It is due to differences in electronegativity of the atoms sharing the electrons.

22.  channel proteins, builds structures like hair or muscles, enzymes, receptors, neurotransmitters
23.  to control what enters and leaves the cell and maintain homeostasis; to communicate between cells
24. it was a helix
 25.  see note sheet from 11-25-14

26.  see notes from Ch 6 chart on pH values

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